The three overarching objectives of the convention are specified in article 1. These are, in short:
- to conserve biological diversity
- to use its components in a sustainable way, and
- to share equitably the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources
The convention aims at a comprehensive approach to problems related to the utilization of living natural resources. There are, indeed, a rather large number of treaties and conventions that deal with specific aspects of nature conservation, specific areas or categories of species. The role of the Convention on biological diversity is to provide a framework for overarching discussions and activities.
Due to its wide scope, it may be difficult to trace the effect on the ground of decisions taken within convention. On the other hand, as it reaches deeply into socio-economic issues, the convention has a political impact which is unique among agreements on nature conservation. Its strongest potential comes from linking the conservation of biological diversity with issues of development and poverty, thereby raising the status of nature conservation within the UN.
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